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Relationship between microstructure, cytotoxicity and corrosion properties of a Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy
Čolić, Miodrag ...
Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloys (SMAs) have been investigated as materials for medical devices, but their biomedical application is still limited. The aim of this work was to compare the microstructure, ...corrosion and cytotoxicity in vitro of a Cu-Al-Ni SMA. Rapidly solidified (RS) thin ribbons, manufactured via melt spinning, were used for the tests. The control alloy was a permanent mould casting of the same composition, but without shape memory effect. The results showed that RS ribbons are significantly more resistant to corrosion compared to the control alloy, as judged by the lesser release of Cu and Ni in the conditioning medium. These results correlated with the findings that RS ribbons did not cause manifested cytotoxicity on L929 mouse fibroblasts and rat thymocytes. In addition, the RS ribbons-conditioning medium exerted much lower inhibition of cellular proliferation and IL-2 production by activated rat splenocytes. The inhibitory effects were almost completely abolished by conditioning the RS ribbons in culture medium for 4 weeks. Microstructural analysis showed that RS ribbons are martensitic, with boron particles as a minor phase. In contrast, control Cu-Al-Ni alloy had a complex multiphase microstructure. Examination of the alloys' surfaces after conditioning by Energy-Dispersive X - ray and Auger Electron Spectroscopy showed the formation of Cu- and Al- oxide layers, and confirmed that metals in RS ribbons are less susceptible to oxidation and corrosion, compared to the control alloy. In conclusion, these results suggest that rapid solidification significantly improves the corrosion stability and biocompatibility in vitro of Cu-Al-Ni SMA ribbons.
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