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Gradus Dimetiri : intensity and classification of complexions in 14th-century Italian medicine
Bigotti, Fabrizio
This paper focuses on the scholastic approach to theintensity of complexions and presents some evidence as tohow the meaning of complexio evolved in fourteenth-century Italian medicine: namely, how ...it wasconceptualized, visualized, and finally quantified. In the firstpart, I summarize the philosophical development ofcomplexio, pointing out how the concept differs fromsimple mixtures, thereby allowing for the mathematisationof compounds and their intensity. I then move on toconsider the links between medicine and mathematics andpresent the schemes provided by Gentile Gentili da Foligno(1280/90 - 1348) as a case study, analysing theirphilosophical premises and implications for medicaltreatment more generally. In the final part, I argue that,quite aside from representing early forms of themathematisation of qualities, schemata and diagrams alsocaptured the medieval ideal of the cosmos, a hierarchicalprogression of forms ordered in ascending degrees ofperfection and nobility.
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