Changes in sperm apoptotic markers as related to seminal leukocytes and elastase
Zorn, Branko ...
To elucidate the effects of inflammation on sperm quality, this study analysedclassical sperm characteristics, leukocytes and elastase in neat semen, and sperm apoptotic markers, i.e. changes in ...plasma membrane phospholipid asymmetry, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), DNA integrity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), in semen prepared by densitygradient using flow cytometry from 348 men of infertile couples. Increased leukocytes (0.1x10(6)/ml) were associated with a decreased sperm concentration, motility and normal morphology (P0.001). Sperm necrosis and DNAdenaturation were increased (31.3 versus 26.6%, P=0.020; 15.5 versus 11.5%, P=0.011, respectively), whereas spermatozoa with normal MMP were decreased (64.1 versus 70.0%, P=0.004). High leukocyte levels (1x10(6)/ml) were not associated with any of the observed sperm parameters. At low elastaseconcentration (100-290mug/l), DNA denaturation was higher (16.1 versus10.5%, P=0.024) compared with very low elastase concentration (<100mug/l). A high elastase concentration (290-1000mug/l) was associated withhigher ROS index compared with low elastase concentration (1.28 versus 1.01, P=0.016). Slightly increased leukocytes and elastase are associated withslightly poorer sperm characteristics and/or increased sperm necrosis, DNAdenaturation and intracellular ROS and decreased MMP.
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