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  • Cytolytic peptide and protein toxins from sea anemones (Anthozoa: Actiniaria)
    Anderluh, Gregor, 1969- ; Maček, Peter
    More than 32 species of sea anemone have been reported to produce lethal cytolytic peptides and proteins. Based on their primary structure and functional properties, cytolysins have been classified ... into four polypeptide groups. Group I consists of 5-8 kDa peptides, represented by those from the sea anemones Tealia felina and Radianthus macrodactylus. These peptides form pores in phosphatidylcholine containing membranes. The most numerous is group II comprising 20 kDa basic proteins, actinoporins, isolated from several genera of the fam. Actiniidae and Stichodactylidae. Equinatoxins, sticholysins, and magnificalysins from Actinia equina, Stichodactyla helianthus, and Heteractis magnifica, respectively, have been studied mostly. they associate typically with sphingomyelin containing membranes and create cation-selective pores. The crystal structure of equinatoxin II has been determined at 1.9 Å resolution. Lethal 30-40 kDa cytolytic phospholipases A2 from Aiptasia pallida (fam. Aiptasiidae) and a similar cytolysin, which is devoid of enzymatic activity, from Urticina piscivora, from group III. A thiol-activated cytolysin, metridiolysin, of mass 80 kDa from Metridium senile (fam. Metridiidae) is a single representative of the fourth family. Itsactivity is inhibited by cholesterol or phosphatides. Biological, structure-function, and pharmacological characteristics of these cytolysins are reviewed.
    Source: Toxicon. - ISSN 0041-0101 (Vol. 40, 2002, str. 111-124)
    Type of material - article, component part ; adult, serious
    Publish date - 2002
    Language - english
    COBISS.SI-ID - 953679

source: Toxicon. - ISSN 0041-0101 (Vol. 40, 2002, str. 111-124)
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