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Surface oxidation of heating resistors in glow plugs
Veskovič Bukudur, Stojana ...
Glow plugs in the automotive industry use heating resistors made of FeCrAl alloys. Metals and alloys exposed to high temperature react with the surrounding environment, resulting in high temperature ...corrosion. Oxidation is the most important high temperature corrosion reaction. Somo high temperature alloys use aluminum to form an Al[sub]{2}O[sub]3 protective layer for oxidation resistance. In temperature range above 1200 [compositum]C SiO[sub]2 and Al[subđ{2}O[sub]3 are two oxides that are capable of forming a potent protective barrier against futher oxidation. The alloy normally requires above 4 % Al to form a continuous protective layer. Protective oxide layer grow on the surface of the heating resistors and the growth depends on several parameters, such us temperature and time of the heat exposure, the atmosphere of the heat treatment (partial pressure of oxygen), share of the Al in the matrix material, etc. For the heating resistors FeCrAl alloys, so called Kanthal AF, with and without rare earth elements are used. The phenomenon of the growth of the Al[sub]{2}O[sub]3 on the surface of the heating resistors is diffusion of the Al from the bulk material onto the surface. The diffusion is not constant during the oxidation process due to the oxide growth on the surface. Thermodynbamically, an oxide is likely to form on a metal surface when the oxygen potential in the environment is higher than the oxygen partial pressure in equilibrium with the oxide. In this paper we have investigated the natural phenomena of the Al[sub]{2}O[sub]3 growth on the surface prepared by different parameters to achieve the continuous protective layer on the surface of the heating resistors. SEM/EXS mapping analysis were performed to confirm the element distribution on the cross section of the resistors heat treated in air or pure oxygen, or in humid H2/Ar atmosphere, different time and temperature, to achieve the optimum distribution of the oxide layer. The results of different heat treatment are compared in this work.
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