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13.
Distinct effects of mucin on phage-host interactions in model systems of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria
Jakin Lazar, Jaka ...
Phage-host interactions that occur in host-associated microbiomes are infuenced by a plethora of environmental factors. Mucins are glycoproteins that represent the main component of mucus, which is ...found in the animal digestive tract and on the surface of certain organs, serving as the frst line of defense against toxins and pathogens. Previous studies have shown that lytic phages have an important infuence on the microbial composition in mucosal areas. Our study expands this knowledge to interactions between previously untested lytic phages targeting probiotic and pathogenic bacteria, as well as temperate phages targeting probiotic bacteria. These interactions could be important in shaping microbial communities and afecting the well-being of their host. This study demonstrates that mucins enhance the adherence of Vibrio anguillarum lytic phages and Bacillus subtilis lytic and temperate phages, as well as B. subtilis and V. anguillarum cells, to solid surfaces. Our results also show that mucins positively afect the attachment of B. subtilis cells even in the presence of phages. This positive efect was not observed in the case of V. anguillarum. This suggests that mucin may shield certain bacteria from phage infections. We also found that mucin infuenced the metabolic activity of the two tested bacterial species diferently, with strong positive efects on V. anguillarum but not on B. subtilis. This work supports previous fndings that phages adhere efciently to mucus and extends these studies to include other benefcial and pathogenic bacterial species. It also reveals that mucins have diferent efects on phage-host interactions in diferent phage-host systems, which may have implications for phage therapies or probiotic treatment strategies.
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